William h



' (No Model.)

. V W, H. OHILDS. I PROCESS {JP lEiNAMELIlIGrPAPER 0B OTHER FABRICS.

N0. 51?;732. Patented Apr. 3, 1894.

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,WIL-LFIQAM .111.- o' iLps, or NswjYonK', Y.

PROCESS. OF ENAM ELIN'G PAPER-on OTHER FABRICS."

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersjPatent No. 517,732. dated April 3,- 1894. 1 Application filed March 28, 1892- Serial No. 426,703; (No speeinfians.) 4

To all whom it may concern: 'u-lation..- Further, thefheat'is so intense that 7 Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. H. OHILDS, it causes the, material to foam and the ena citizen ofthe United States, and a resident amelhardens before the pebbled surface thus 55 of New York, in the county of New York and produced can become smooth,- whereby the 5 State of New York, have invented new and pebblingis effected withoutasubsequentsepuseful Improvements in Processes of Enamarate operation. I cling Paper or other Fabrics; and I do here-' In the-apparatus preferably employed in by declare the following ,to be a full, clear, practice, two horizontal rollers A A! are 'suit- 60 and exact description of said invention, refer ably mounted in a frame B. The rolls thus/ [061100 being had to the accompanying drawing, arranged form a hopper forithe: pitch which and to the letters of reference marked thereon, is preferably, subjected to an initial heating. .whichformsapart of this specification. The hopper formedby the rollers is com-,

The object of my invention is to produce by 'pleted by the addition of plates 0 at each 65 a novel method, an improved enameled surend which are held in contact with the rollr 5 face on paper or other fabric from substances er's while permitting them to revolve. The

not heretofore employed or available for the pitch is supported directly onthe rollers, or purposes 7 i 5 .on one of the rollers and the paper when A further object of the invention is to prothe paper is being enameled on one side only. 70 duce a fabric pebbled in imitation of peb- The rollsare made hollow as shown sandare :o bled leather, and to effect the pebbling siheated by superheated steam, supplied at the multaneously with applying and forming the trunnions, the steam pipes being indicated f enamel, thereby avoiding the separate step by dottedlines-i'n' the drawing. Thecontim' of pebbling by imprint orsimilar method. .uous'strip E or paper or otherfabric, passes- '7 5 f Afurtherobjectistoproducea'fabric which downward through the mass of liqu'idpitch z 5 in addition to being available as a substitute and between the rolls, andcarries with it only.

. for leather in the manufacture of pocket a thin coating'or layer of the pitch, which in books, book covers and th e 'like, may be em passing-directlybetwee-n the rolls issubject'ed' ployed'for the manufacture of bags for 'shipto the full heat thereof and being in azthin. 8o ping lime, phosphates, grain, and other goods layer is caused .to foam, and .th'e volatile 3c liable to damage from water or moisture. i propertyiof the material is practicallyeom- Finally the invention is designed to propletely destroyed, and the enamel thus imv duce an enameled fabric at a: cost materially m'edi'at'ely assumes a hardness and finish that less than the cost. attendant on previous have not been heretofore attainablewith any 8 5 I J methods. coating formed from kindred substances. I v

35 Reference is to behadtothe accompanying Amore specific description of the process drawing, in which is illustrated, in perspec is as follows: The hard pitch, if such be the 1 tive, an apparatus employed in carrying out material, is initially heated by a suitable apmy invention. y j paratus, andthen'deliver'ed to' the hopper o In manufacturing enameled fabrics in acformed by the very highly heated rolls,'the

4ocordauce with my improved method I take latter, it will be, understoodzbeing tightened hard pitch and heat the same to a tempera up as closely as possible." *The pitch atthe ture of from 400 to 600,f450" being the lowtop of the. hopper is comparatively of a thick 7 est temperature at which really good results consistency and asthe paper passes-over the 9 5" I are attained. The material is supported di-- roll A or A, and immdiatel'yas Jit'enters the:

5 rectly'on rollers by which it is heated, and pitch, the'latter will adhere; The distance the fabric is-passed through the rollers, the between therollsbeing graduallyless, as the heat of the rollers being such as to almost. paper passes- 'downward'it will be subjected i" completely destroy the volatile property of to an increased heat, unti'l'it reaches the imwe the pitch immediately,by direct contact with mediate angle of the rolls, where theheat is 50 the surface, so that the enamel is finished at so intense as to foam the, thin coating now once and hardens immediately after leaving adhering, and the foaming will be greatlyim, the rolls, therebyavoiding subsequent m'anipcreased as the paper is pressed between the 2o of the same and am familiar with their'chartightly adjusted rolls and 'at the same time the volatile property of the'coatiugwill be almost completely destroyed,.thns carboniz- 'ing the same, andrfixing the "foamed appear-- ance. Thus the nature of a the coating is greatly changed with the resnltthat its melting point is far above-what it was before degrees of heat mentioned and that become practicallyset below 400.

- I amaware that various materials such as ordinary pitch liquefying at a temperature below 300 or 350, bitumen and the like have been employed to coat paper, cloth, &c., and I have extensively practiced the manufacture acteristics andthe methods of applying the same, but it has heretofore-been found impossible to employhard pitch for the purpose. Further, noone has heretofore formed an enamelof any similar substance by instanfrom others, rolls heretofore being'only emtaneously destroying the volatile properties of the coating by contact with a surface sufficiently heated for the purpose and in-this also my'invention is readily distinguishable "'ployed to heat and spread the substance, the normal amount of oils remaining therein,

forming a retarder to the hardening and leaving the coating still sensitive to temperatures of 300 and less, andv also leaving the v enamel 'ofarless firm and more perviousnature'than that produced by me. i

same, consisting in subjecting the applied coating to a heat suificiently high to mate- I do not herein claim the improved article or manufacture,the same being claimed in 40 my application, Serial No. 426,702,fi1ed even date herewith. I

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to'secure by Letters Patent-- 9 1. The herein described. method of manufacturing imitation pebbled leather, consisting-in applying the heated pitch or analogous coating material to paper or other fabric, and subjecting the coating to a heat sufficient to foam the coating and simultaneously deprive .it of'its volatile properties, substantially as described v 2. The herein described method of 'manufactu ring enameled fabrics,eonsisting in heat- 5 ing a substance such as pitch, applying the same to paper'or other fabric by running the latter through such substance, and immediately subjecting the coating to a heat sulficient to deprive it of its volatile properties,

and simultaneously to a rolling pressure, substantially as described.

3. In the manufacture of enameled fabrics, the herein described method of finishing the rially deprive it of volatile properties and markedly raise its melting point, substantialiy as described, I

'In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in W. S. ALEXANDER, E'VERSL'EY CHILDS. 

